Design of new materials for the protection of construction units of residential buildings against fire action

Abstract

This work shows the experimental process followed for the design of mortars with a fire-resistant plaster-based mortar, dosed with black slag residues from EAF Electric Arc Furnace (Electric Arc Furnace), generated in the manufacturing process of steel in the Primary Metallurgy phase. EAF black slag residues are valued as mineral filler by joining the mixtures. Although it is necessary to strengthen the final results with a deeper study, the results obtained in this first phase of characterization indicate that the use of black slag EAF in plaster mortars as a mineral load could be a technically viable option for the design of conglomerate materials destined to form prefabricated pieces for the protection of areas of buildings with potential fire load risk. In this way, in addition to obtaining plaster conglomerates with good technical performance, we managed to take advantage of an industrial waste without a defined use, valuing it as a construction material . Mortars have been characterized, both fresh and hardened, following the standards of the European Regulations. Subsequently, the mortars have undergone a noncombustibility test to determine their behavior against fire. The results show that gypsum plaster and plaster mortars dosed with EAF steel slag mineral filler have good technical performance, both fresh and hardened. Similarly, a good behavior against fire is observed, not only because of the nature of the gypsum binder, but also because of the EAF black slag mineral load dosed in the mixtures.