Open-Source Framework Based on LoRaWAN IoT Technology for Building Monitoring and Its Integration into BIM Models
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2022Materia/s
Resumen
Construction industry faces with a relevant challenge to improve its productivity, and, in this context, new technologies can help overcome this gap. Nevertheless, it is still considered one of the least digitized sectors. Furthermore, citizen empowerment is becoming increasingly relevant in several areas such as energy, environment, agriculture, healthcare, and many others. Achieving these objectives is often a complex task since there are multiple obstacles and defiances such as high acquisition costs, technological barriers, or the lack of know-how transfer. Nevertheless, considering these barriers as opportunities, open-source alternatives are within reach of the society and with it the possibility to provide solutions to all kinds of projects and innovations. In this context, this research aims to develop a completely open-source framework for building monitoring, thus allowing access to real data and providing a decision-making support. During the research, several technologies have been employed, ranging from Arduino-based development boards for the implementation of wireless monitoring devices to single-board computers (SBC) such as Raspberry Pi as core of the deployed IoT LoRaWAN gateway or the Orange Pi for the server. In this last SBC, and in order to manage the gathered data, the integration of the software stack based on Node-RED, the time series database (TSDB) InfluxDB and Grafana as visualization dashboard was proposed. For the verification of the system reliability, it has been applied in a case study, and the results show its correct performance. Taking advantage of the data generated, these were integrated into the BIM model of the case study given the great importance of this methodology in the AEC sector. Finally, it is worth mentioning the proposed system becomes a completely open-source solution, thus offering a real and cost-affordable alternative for its scalability and mass deployment for building sector projects and many other scenarios.
Construction industry faces with a relevant challenge to improve its productivity, and, in this context, new technologies can help overcome this gap. Nevertheless, it is still considered one of the least digitized sectors. Furthermore, citizen empowerment is becoming increasingly relevant in several areas such as energy, environment, agriculture, healthcare, and many others. Achieving these objectives is often a complex task since there are multiple obstacles and defiances such as high acquisition costs, technological barriers, or the lack of know-how transfer. Nevertheless, considering these barriers as opportunities, open-source alternatives are within reach of the society and with it the possibility to provide solutions to all kinds of projects and innovations. In this context, this research aims to develop a completely open-source framework for building monitoring, thus allowing access to real data and providing a decision-making support. During the research, several technologies have been employed, ranging from Arduino-based development boards for the implementation of wireless monitoring devices to single-board computers (SBC) such as Raspberry Pi as core of the deployed IoT LoRaWAN gateway or the Orange Pi for the server. In this last SBC, and in order to manage the gathered data, the integration of the software stack based on Node-RED, the time series database (TSDB) InfluxDB and Grafana as visualization dashboard was proposed. For the verification of the system reliability, it has been applied in a case study, and the results show its correct performance. Taking advantage of the data generated, these were integrated into the BIM model of the case study given the great importance of this methodology in the AEC sector. Finally, it is worth mentioning the proposed system becomes a completely open-source solution, thus offering a real and cost-affordable alternative for its scalability and mass deployment for building sector projects and many other scenarios.
