Challenges for circular economy in the construction industry

Abstract

The construction industry is the largest waste generator in the world. The consequences of this dramatically affect the sustainability of the sector. Circular economy (CE) strategies attempt to overcome the impacts of construction and demolition waste generation, but there are a number of challenges that hamper waste minimization. Studying these challenges can help understand their causes and consequences and identify potential strategies to eliminate or reduce their impact within the specific context they perform. The purpose of this chapter is to present this analysis of challenges for CE implementation and the proposal of circular solutions and future trends in the construction industry. A classification of challenges is presented, following the PESTLE analysis model: Political/legal, economic, social, technological, and environmental. The challenges identified are discussed in detail, with examples and references that contextualize the analysis and support the indication of further steps toward innovative circular approaches in construction. The medium and long-term vision is to achieve zero-waste targets in the sector. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.