Multiscale Digital Documentation Methodology Using Photogrammetry and Gis: The Case of the Real Felipe Fortress of Callao

Abstract

As part of a doctoral research project on military architecture in the Viceroyalty of Peru, a study of various historical fortifications was conducted. To analyze their layout, understand the technical principles applied in their design and construction, and assess their state of conservation, it was necessary to develop a precise architectural survey process. Among the cases examined, the Real Felipe Fortress of Callao stands out as one of the most significant military monuments in terms of historical, strategic, and heritage value. Due to its size and the complexity of its preservation conditions, the survey required the integration of both aerial and terrestrial recording. The former allowed for the accurate documentation of the entire fortified enclosure, while the latter enabled the detailed capture of specific construction elements. The combination of these two scales formed the methodological basis for its architectural analysis and heritage assessment.